Wealth As Determinant Of Health Health And Social Care Essay

There is a wonder in the United States that represents how riches is a cardinal determiner of health. Riches manages the individuals who achieve it, certain cultural advantages which incorporate dish to top notch guidance, work, dwelling, youngster care, recreational possibilities, sustenance, quality clinical consideration, and more secure and cleaner regions. In 1985, the U.S. Division of Health and Human Services ( HHS ) developed the Secretary ‘s Task Force Report on Black and Minority Health. The examination was more run of the mill than old investigations, looking at four minority bunches in the United States each piece great as the White populace. In add-on, An it used aA statisticalA introduction of A † over the top perishes † rather than the typical expire rates. This assault underscored the way that experience that were lost would non hold been lost had minority perish rates been equivalent to for the White populace. These distinctions were in this manner begat as health incongruities. As an outcome of the powerful idea of this investigation and the interest forA incorporating of wellbeing advancement/infection bar plans into these populaces, the Office of Minority Health was built up inside HHS. Since the inception of the Office of Minority Health research has indicated that incongruities exist in the populace on the balance of both wellbeing position and wellbeing consideration bringing. These inconsistencies are the result of arranged factors. The dictionary of Public Health characterizes wellbeing abberations as â€Å" varying degrees of health indexs like life expectation, child and perinatal death rates, that are seen among segments of a populace, discernable in the size of the health spread between the most elevated and least segment of the populace, that as often as possible connect with monetary indexs, instructive degree, business and housing conditions. † There are contrasting theoriesA orA premises usedA to elucidate why wellbeing differences plague certain populaces. What both of these hypotheses need is the causalA instrument by whichA the inconsistencies happen. The recorded setting of taking care of health inconsistencies started with W.E.B. Du Bois. The being of wellbeing incongruities in America was chief archived in 1906 by W.E.B. Du Bois. Filled by the averment that Negroes were a mediocre race, Du Bois utilized nose tally and malady informations from the late 1800s to report across the board differences in chest illness, baby expires, maternal perishes, TB, and pox. In light of these perceptions, Du Bois declared that such health inconsistencies had nil to make with lower status and were emphatically connected with various factors, for example, need, insufficiency of guidance, and cultural components. A The taking wellbeing differences include: course to mind, nature of health or health position, cardiovascular illness, dangerous neoplastic infection, diabetes, HIV/AIDS, asthma, baby mortality, and mental wellbeing. Nature of consideration in unconventional, has appeared to hold noteworthy spreads among populaces. As it identifies with incongruities in nature of consideration, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality â€Å" Quality wellbeing consideration implies making the correct thing, at the correct clasp, in the correct way, for the ideal individuals and holding the most ideal outcomes. † ( Q ) Quality health consideration is efficacious, safe, opportunely, quiet focused, just, and productive. In 1999, Congress dispatched the Institute of Medicine ( IOM ) to investigate wellbeing and health consideration among racial/ethnic minorities. The outcomes of the study led, entitled Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care, showed that mi norities had more unfortunate wellbeing and were efficiently gaining lower-quality consideration in any event, when factors, for example, protection position and pay were n't included ( Smeadley, Stith, and A ; Nelson 2003 ) . Regardless of paces towards dousing inconsistencies, they despite everything persevere. Wellbeing consideration incongruities in nature of consideration are found among a few imprint populaces. These populaces include: racial and social minorities, those of a specific financial position, tenants of rustic nations, low-pay gatherings, grown-up females, kids, the matured, and people with disablements. An extensiveness of grounds exhibits that as a result of a few factors, a colossal main part of individuals in these imprint populace bunches do non have excellent wellbeing consideration. Seen provider bias has both immediate and roundabout impacts on health consideration use and wellbeing position. Surveies, for example, those led by Van Houtven et Al. furthermore, Blanchard and Lurie found that people who saw provider partiality essentially postponed wellbeing consideration use ( 10, 15 ) . The biopsychosocial hypothetical record clarifies how generalizing or predisposition can welcome on accentuation in the individuals who experience it and as a result negatively affect wellbeing position. Tolerant supplier miscommunication has a few branchings, for example, clinical missteps, insufficient clinical consideration, and even perish. This kind of miscommunication is the result of social and etymological correspondence obstructions. Bettering lingual and social capability can be cultivated by expanding the extent of underrepresented clinicians in health frameworks and in clinical guidance. Innovation needs medicinal services appear to other than welcome on needs nature of consideration gave to a large number of people in the imprint populace. Providers in country and desperate nations are holding inconveniences since they do not have the health data building that their contrary numbers have in the urban and all the more flush nations. Differential course to mind can take to inconsistencies in nature of wellbeing consideration. Determining course to wellbeing consideration is so an of import necessity to acquiring quality health consideration. Minorities and low-pay bunches are more averse to hold health protection and are bound to hold open protection. Installment rates for Medicaid are essentially lower than for Medicare, consequently, minorities having Medicaid or that are uninsured get consideration in unexpected scenes in comparison to in private protected or Medicare understanding. Proof recommends that course to a normal and regular start of consideration can significantly chop down health differences. Transportation obstructions, separation to centers, or a lack of discernment about provider areas have other than undermined course to mind. In 2003, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, as coordinated by the Healthcare Research and Quality Act of 1999, gave Congress the first year National Healthcare Disparities Report and the National Healthcare Quality Report. Among the numerous discoveries as it identifies with human services and social insurance quality differences, the examinations found that disparity in quality exists. Key discoveries in the 2009 National Healthcare Quality Report found that endeavors to chop down abberations have had an effect, all things considered, differences despite everything exist. In the examination, it was discovered an expected expense $ 65-130 billion can be ascribed to untimely perish and lower wellbeing position among uninsured individuals. The examination other than centers around a few deductively bolstered core quality estimates that pre-winter into two classs, either process steps or result steps. When contrasted with White people: Blacks got more terrible consideration for 50 % and better consideration for 15 % of core steps ; Asians got more regrettable consideration for 30 % and better consideration for 40 % of core steps ; American Indians and Alaska Natives ( AI/ANs ) got more regrettable consideration for 45 % and better consideration for 25 % of core steps ; Hispanics got more awful consideration for 70 % and better consideration for 20 % of core steps. ( Q ) Partner to salary abberations, hapless individuals got more awful consideration than high-pay individuals for 75 % and better consideration for 5 % of core steps. ( Q ) When contrasting the spread in differences and discoveries from old mature ages, 66 % of core steps have non improved for Blacks, Asians, and Hispanics ; resulting in a dead or expanded spread. For inkinesss in exceptional, the spread appears to some degree be shuting with an improvement in roughly 20 % of the differences steps. For AI/ANs there is an improvement of around 40 % of variations steps. Notwithstanding, while reconsidering these discoveries, one may ask whether or non use designs among these gatherings were mulled over other than. Stifling or cut bringing down medicinal services variations will require resolution law and activity. Wellbeing strategies and ventures are made on three degrees of specialists, government, area, and network based. An outline of a huge scope government level approach is REACH 2010. Arrive at 2010 is the CDC ‘s endeavor to quench racial and social variations. The CDC has granted awards to 40 network based collusions countrywide to execute a network based plans and socially suitable mediations in the riddance of abberations. A delineation of a state-level strategy is the Colorado Turning Point Initiative ( CTPI ) . The CTPI has set up informations collection intends to flexibly a normalized looking at of wellbeing indexs by race and ethnicity. Frameworks have other than been made to move in the direction of its expected finish of wellbeing variations riddance. For example, the improvement of a region Office of Health Disparities and an advancement in etymological correspondence h elp for the individuals who needs English capability. A representation of a network based incongruities venture is the Florida Community-Based Participatory Research ( CBPR ) Initiative in Reducing and Eliminating Health Disparities. This debut bolsters ailment mediation research in inconsistencies using network based participatory exploration which is directed by networks and examination laborers. There are a few potential approach choices for work trip the activity of wellbeing consideration inconsistencies in nature of attentio

Endgame Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Endgame - Essay Example The play reflects this chess approach by contrasting it with life. Life is much the same as endgame in chess where there are scarcely any moves left, however the real end is obscure and undesirable. Hamm discusses how his life is near the end and he might want to complete it. As indicated by Byron (2007), when Hamm says, â€Å"I falter, I waver to end. Indeed, there it is, its time it finished but then I waver to end,† (Byron, 2007) he discusses how the end isn't the most straightforward decision (p. 2). To man, the world is viewed as a wellspring of misery. Hamm says that that his mom, father and pooch all endure â€Å"as much as animals can suffer†. He, notwithstanding, demands than none of them experience â€Å"suffering that equals† his own. From this representation, the world is delineated as not being understanding to different people’s torment. Reiteration has been utilized by Beckett to stress certain topics and themes of the play. For example, the words ‘finished’ and ‘end’ have been utilized over and again to underline the idea of the end game. While Clov says, â€Å"Finished, its completed, almost completed, it must be about finished† to show the endless idea of his assignment, Hamm utilizes it over and again to inquire as to whether his worker can ‘finish’ him (Byron,

What do you do for fun around here

What do you do for fun around here A friend of mine ended up studying lit at a nearby college here in Boston. (If you didnt know, Boston has approximately 10^24 colleges. Per m^2). She asked if Id mind showing her around the tvte, as it seemed like a pretty interesting place (SPOILER: It is.) and I happily obliged. As I walked her around the myriad of different labs that serve host to mechanical wonders in various states of disarray, blabbing incessantly about how cool and entertaining everything was I remember her looking me dead in the eye and saying What do you do for fun around here? It caught me off guard. To me, this was fun. I get to spend every waking hour (which Ive traded a few sleeping hours for at market price) surrounded by gadgets and gizmos soldered and smoking around me. I love that. I love that I can spend 16 hours straight in the shop soldering my PCB boards* and carrying on a conversation with my friends who are desperately trying not to kill themselves while trying to build something that is both impressive and a valid psychological analysis. One of these friends recently completed an analog controlled segway knockoff called Segfault and made a video of it. I think its a pretty good peak into the sorts of things a few of us think are fun, and youll probably find no better video clip to summarize life at MIT than the segway jousting at the end. *This is belongs to a class of acronymically redudant phrases (or ARP phrases as I like to call them) that bug me. Other such examples include PIN number, and ATM machine. But if you want to be a functioning member of society you have to speak like them. *grumble grumble*

Analysis Of Emily Dickinson s Poetry - 2133 Words

Emily Dickinson is perhaps one of the most intriguing American poets studied. The remote look in her eyes mirror her life, which she mostly spent secluded in her home in Amherst, Massachusetts. While leading an outwardly reclusive life, she unleashes the faculties of her mind in her powerful poetry. She addresses compelling themes such as death, depression, human despair, individual capability, and the art of poetry. Her feelings on these subjects emerge in her poems, but her exact thoughts are difficult to uncover since her poetry is so highly enigmatic. Likewise, the subject matter of Christianity in her poetry remains one of the most inconsistent of Dickinson’s recurring themes. Emily Dickinson posses an uncanny ability to wrestle down the perfect diction, thus creating worlds of hope, despair, faith, and endless questioning.Through her use of imagery, Dickinson displays her linguistic prowess and the intricacies of language. I’m Nobody! Who are you?, this poem opens with the declaration that the speaker is â€Å"Nobody.† this nobody-ness, however, quickly comes to mean that she is outside of the public sphere; perhaps, here Dickinson is touching on her own failure to become a published poet, and the fact that to most of society, she is â€Å"Nobody.† The speaker does not seem bitter about this- instead she asks the reader, playfully almost, â€Å"Who are you?† (1), and offers us a chance to be in a sort of cahoots with her â€Å"Are you - Nobody - Too?†(2). In the next line, she assumesShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Emily Dickinson s Poem The Poetries Of Emily Essay1414 Words   |  6 PagesThe poetries of Emily Dickinson has intrigued and enthralled many people after her death in 1886. Dickinson is known for leading a mainly reclusive and introverted existence in most of her life, exploring her own world of emotions and feelings through her poetry. Dickinson’s poetry reflects her loneliness and the speaker of her poems generally live in a state of want, but her poems are also marked by the intimate recollection of inspirational moments which are decidedly life giving and suggests theRead MoreAnalysis Of Emily Dickinson s Poetry1168 Words   |  5 PagesEmily Dickinson’s poetry arose during a time of much deep questioning going on in the literary world. Many of her poems lend themselves to various interpretations, as Dickinson looks at the world through a variety of perspectives. Dickinson wrote concisely and broke the traditional rules of writing poetry, and in doing so often wrote in one way but meant something entirely different. Poem 340, or â€Å"I felt a Funeral, in my Brain,† is one of these such poems that has no clear answer and is ultimatelyRead MoreAnalysis Of Emily Dickinson s Poetry955 Words   |  4 PagesPoetry, almost as a rule, is difficult to interpret. The poet pours as much emotion, int rigue, and depth into as few lines as possible; this creates wonderfully crafted passages of verse that stand the tests of time, but it does present its own difficulties. Because the poet has so few words to utilize, they often give multiple meanings to one word, in order to increase the depth of their work. They also play with elements of poetry such as meter, rhyme, rhythm, and so on, to make their work uniqueRead MoreEmily Dickinson : The Point When A Reader1749 Words   |  7 PagesHorieh Introduction to Literature Professor Knoernschild November 27, 2015 Emily Dickinson At the point when a reader hears the name Emily Dickinson, they consider a female who composed verse that has been surely understood for a considerable length of time and years. Much to their dismay that Emily Dickinson established American Literature, and began an entire unrest of verse. The procedure Dickinson used to keep in touch with her verse was at no other time seen and was the foundationRead MoreEssay about Death in Emily Dickenson1313 Words   |  6 PagesDeath in Emily Dickenson With the thought of death, many people become terrified as if it were some creature lurking behind a door ready to capture them at any moment. Unlike many, Emily Dickinson was infatuated with death and sought after it only to try and help answer the many questions which she pondered so often. Her poetry best illustrates the answers as to why she wrote about it constantly. She explains her reason for writing poetry, â€Å"I had a terror I couldRead MoreEmily Dickinson s A Route Of Evanescence And Because I Could Not Stop For Death1167 Words   |  5 PagesEmily Dickinson Emily Dickinson published only a few poems during her time. Her work was only truly discovered after her death of kidney disease in 1886 at the age of fifty-six. Upon her death her sister Lavinia Dickinson found hundreds of poems tied into a book stitched together by Emily. People claim that she is the most original 19th Century American Poet and is now considered one of the towering figures of American literature. Although She is known for her unconventional broken rhyming meterRead More Analysis of Much Madness is Divinest Sense by Emily Dickinson941 Words   |  4 Pages(435), a definition poem, Emily Dickinson criticizes societys inability to accept rebellion, arguing that the majority is the side that should in fact be considered mad. The perception of madness and insanity are a common theme among Dickinsons poetry, as she fought against societys tainted view of herself as crazy. She focuses on how judgmental society is on non conformist views when she describes the majority as discerning (line 2). As similar to most of her poetry, she writes in iambic meterRead MoreEmily Dickinson Poetry Essay1591 Words   |  7 PagesEmily Dickinson’s Poetry There is a lot more to poetry than just the words themselves. â€Å"What William Shakespeare called, â€Å"the mind’s eye† also plays a role† (Borus34). What that means is that your experiences and thoughts will add to your understanding. Dickinson had an active mind and a style so unique and unusual with her writing. Something that was very unusual about her writing was that she never put a title to her poems. Just like many poets, she used a wide assortment of literary devices suchRead More An Analysis of Dickinson’s I Felt a Funeral in My Brain Essay1005 Words   |  5 Pagesnbsp; An Analysis of Dickinson’s I Felt a Funeral in My Brainnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp; Emily Dickinson was a poet who used many different devices to develop her poetry, which made her style quite unique. A glance at one of her poems may lead one to believe that she was quite a simple poet, although a closer examination of her verse would uncover the complexity it contains. Dickinson’s poem I felt a Funeral, in my Brain, is a prime example of complicity embodied byRead MoreCharles Bukowski s Poem, A Genius, And Power Of The Human Mind1513 Words   |  7 Pagestruths in today s society. In Emily Dickinson’s poem, â€Å"[The Brain—is wider than the Sky—],† she talks about the power of the human brain, complimenting and respecting it to things thought to be incomparable. Both Dickinson’s and Bukowski’s poems show the strength and power of the human mind, but their views on what the brain accomplishes are far from similar. The power of the brain is something that cannot just be explained merely through adjectives, both Bukowski and Dickinson used comparisons

Spooky Scenes from Classic Literature

If you need inspiration for this years Halloween reading selections, look no further than these eerie teases from classic literature.   â€Å"A Rose for Emily† (1930) by William Faulkner â€Å"Already we knew that there was one room in that region above stairs which no one had seen in forty years, and which would have to be forced. They waited until Miss Emily was decently in the ground before they opened it. The violence of breaking down the door seemed to fill this room with pervading dust. A thin, acrid pall as of the tomb seemed to lie everywhere upon this room decked and furnished as for a bridal: upon the valance curtains of faded rose color, upon the rose-shaded lights, upon the dressing table, upon the delicate array of crystal and the mans toilet things backed with tarnished silver, silver so tarnished that the monogram was obscured. Among them lay a collar and tie, as if they had just been removed, which, lifted, left upon the surface a pale crescent in the dust. Upon a chair hung the suit, carefully folded; beneath it the two mute shoes and the discarded socks.† â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† (1843) by Edgar Allan Poe â€Å"It is impossible to say how first the idea entered my brain; but once conceived, it haunted me day and night. Object there was none. Passion there was none. I loved the old man. He had never wronged me. He had never given me insult. For his gold I had no desire. I think it was his eye! yes, it was this! He had the eye of a vulture --a pale blue eye, with a film over it. Whenever it fell upon me, my blood ran cold; and so by degrees --very gradually --I made up my mind to take the life of the old man, and thus rid myself of the eye forever.† The Haunting of Hill House (1959) by Shirley Jackson â€Å"No live organism can continue for long to exist sanely under conditions of absolute reality; even larks and katydids are supposed, by some, to dream. Hill House, not sane, stood by itself against its hills, holding darkness within; it had stood so for eighty years and might stand for eighty more. Within, walls continued upright, bricks met neatly, floors were firm, and doors were sensibly shut; silence lay steadily against the wood and stone of Hill House, and whatever walked there, walked alone.† The Legend of Sleepy Hollow (1820) by Washington Irving On mounting a rising ground, which brought the figure of his fellow-traveller in relief against the sky, gigantic in height, and muffled in a cloak, Ichabod was horror-struck on perceiving that he was headless!--but his horror was still more increased on observing that the head, which should have rested on his shoulders, was carried before him on the pommel of his saddle! (1898) by Henry James â€Å"It was as if, while I took in – what I did take in – all the rest of the scene had been stricken with death. I can hear again, as I write, the intense hush in which the sounds of evening dropped. The rooks stopped cawing in the golden sky, and the friendly hour lost, for the minute, all its voice. But there was no other change in nature, unless indeed it were a change that I saw with a stranger sharpness. The gold was still in the sky, the clearness in the air, and the man who looked at me over the battlements was as definite as a picture in a frame. Thats how I thought, with extraordinary quickness, of each person that he might have been and that he was not. We were confronted across our distance quite long enough for me to ask myself with intensity who then he was and to feel, as an effect of my inability to say, a wonder that in a few instants more became intense.† (1838) by Edgar Allan Poe â€Å"A sullen darkness now hovered above us- but from out the milky depths of the ocean a luminous glare arose, and stole up along the bulwarks of the boat. We were nearly overwhelmed by the white ashy shower which settled upon us and upon the canoe, but melted into the water as it fell. The summit of the cataract was utterly lost in the dimness and the distance. Yet we were evidently approaching it with a hideous velocity. At intervals there were visible in it wide, yawning, but momentary rents, and from out these rents, within which was a chaos of flitting and indistinct images, there came rushing and mighty, but soundless winds, tearing up the enkindled ocean in their course.†

A Personal Model of Leadership Free Essays

Leadership is a fascinating concept. The term conjures up ideas of powerful, triumphant heroes with a group of followers defeating some evil enemy. Perhaps the enormous allure to leadership is because of the influence it has on practically everyone’s life. We will write a custom essay sample on A Personal Model of Leadership or any similar topic only for you Order Now Stories of heroic leadership go back to biblical times with Moses leading his people out of Egypt. After surveying numerous articles on the evolution of leadership, it appeared that most of the articles were concerned with the concept of style of leadership and how leadership influences the organization. We began the twentieth century focused more or less solely on a leader-dominant theory of leadership that assumed a low opinion of the followers’ motivation, maturity, and abilities (Waddell, 1994). The style of leadership is considered, by some researchers, to be important in achieving organizational goals and increasing productivity in followers (Awamlch Gardner, 1999). This may explain why the literature appears to concentrate on leadership styles.The leadership theories and models that seem to appear most frequently include; transactional leadership, transformational leadership, charismatic leadership, situational leadership, and servant leadership. Leadership does not take place in vacuum. It is a dynamic process that involves many social interactions between leaders and followers. The way these different theories and models affect the organization depends on many variables; organizational culture, group dynamics, and sociology of the organization (Johns Moser, 2001). The purpose of this paper is to analyze Greenleaf’s definition of servant leadership for individuals, organizations, and trustees. The author will provide an explanation as to why he believes leadership is important personally, to his organization, and to society. In addition, a personal model of leadership based on contemporary models will be presented. In his works, Greenleaf discusses the need for an improved methodology to leadership, one that puts serving others, including employees, customers, and community, as the essential priority (Spears, 2004).Servant leadership stresses increased service to others, a holistic approach to work, encouraging a sense of community, and the sharing of power in decision making. The words servant and leader are usually thought of as being diametric. When two diametric ideas are brought together in a creative and important way, a paradox appears. So the words servant and leader have been brought together to construct the paradoxical idea of servant leadership. Greenleaf (1970) argued that leadership was bestowed on a person who was by nature a servant.In fact, the way a person becomes a leader is by first becoming a servant. A servant leader focuses on the needs of followers and helps them to become more knowledgeable, more free, more autonomous, and more like servants themselves. They enrich others by their presence (Northouse, 2007). In addition to serving, the servant leader has a social responsibility to be concerned with the underprivileged and to recognize them as equal stakeholders in the life of the organization (Northouse, 2007). Where inequalities and social injustices exist, a servant leader tries to eliminate them (Graham, 1991). In becoming a servant leader, a leader uses less institutional power and less control while transferring authority to the followers. Servant leadership values everyone’s involvement in community life because it is within a community that one fully experiences respect, trust, and individual strength. Greenleaf places a great deal of emphasis on listening, empathy, and unconditional acceptance of others. In the evolution of his writings, Greenleaf moved from the individual as servant to the organization as servant.He believed that the relative recent development of large organizations in our world fashioned a new responsibility for those organizations to serve the people within them. To him, the two themes, the individual and the organization, are inseparable (Frick Spears, 1996). This interest led Greenleaf (1977) to propose a new type of top leadership in organizations called primus inter pares (first among equals). This concept suggests that the top leader would intentionally limit his/her power by serving as the â€Å"first† of a leadership team. This model addressed the critical issues of unrestrained ower, team building, and empowering others. Other writings of Greenleaf took his message to the trustees of organizations, seminaries, universities, and churches. Being an effective, authentic leader requires being true to who you are and what you believe in as a person, understanding your purpose as a leader, being trustworthy, and practicing your values consistently, even under pressure (George, 2007). Mumford, Zaccaro, Connelly, Marks (2000) suggest that leadership may sometimes be an indirect phenomenon where influence is exercised through cognitive as well as skills performance embedded in a social context.Since leadership is practiced in a social context, the most critical skills an effective leader can possess are communication and listening skills (Ambler, 2006). Being able to r ead body language, ask questions, provide and receive feedback as well as generate effective two-way communication to help build trust with followers and to prevent future problems are essential skills of an effective leader. As Trevino, Hartman, Brown (2000) put it, being open, approachable, and a good listener will allow followers to feel comfortable sharing news, good or bad. Effective leaders are fair and objective in their decision making role (Trevino et el. 2000). Leaders that create a vision, use power in socially constructive ways to serve others, are sensitive to the followers’ needs, and help develop their abilities for empowerment are more effective (Howell ; Avolio, 1992). Effective leaders set the ethical climate of the organization. Effective leadership requires intelligence, hard work, dedication, and an intense understanding and appreciation of human nature and human beings with a set of technical competencies and a set of emotional competencies, diverse and flexible enough to move with the changing times (Campbell, 2004).Servant leadership may be a unifying theory from which many leadership styles may be integrated. The basis for any leadership behavior, which may encompass any number of styles, then becomes service first. Servant leadership is a sensible theory that promotes ethical, responsible, supportive, and effective leadership (Omoh, 2007). It does so by approaching leadership as coming from within a set of values and commitment to growth of self and others, a grounded theory with identifiable principles while allowing for adaptability across many situations and rganizations. There has been a shift in the culture of the world that is seeking honesty, integrity, and leadership that is able to succeed regardless of power, positions, and titles. Greenleaf saw servant leadership as a course to a better, more compassionate society. Greenleaf’s goal was for the development of strong, effective, caring communities in all segments of society (Greenleaf, 1970, 1977; Spears, 2004). A realistic problem in focusing primarily on theoretical approaches to leadership is addressing how theory hel ps real people in real situations. How does knowing this inform the author’s actions in his role as a leader? Realistically, determining what works and what makes sense are the important things in the real world of leadership. As stated earlier, leadership is complex and draws upon both the ethical and practical to attempt to make sense of this complicated and chaotic world. In education, many American students are failing to achieve even basic reading and math skills. This author believes that effective leadership is vital in his school, all areas of society, as well as the planet.Identifying the degree to which servant leader characteristics are found in effective leaders will help determine if those effective leaders so needed in this rapidly changing world are indeed putting service first, demonstrating commitment to developing the potential in those served, and meeting the goals needed for success. Effective leadership is critically important to our education system. Without strong leadership, the disparat e elements of effective practices cannot be brought together and maintained (Eaker et al. 2008). It is virtually impossible to reculture schools or school districts into high-performing learning communities without widely dispersed, high-quality leadership. Schools need strong leadership more than ever, but not the autocratic authoritarian that has symbolized strong leadership of the past (DuFour et al. , 2008). They need men and women who realize their ultimate legacy will be determined by developing other leaders throughout the school and district who can take the organization even further after they have gone.Schools need servant leaders. Many factors shape the extent to which a person becomes a leader, including genetic predisposition, family environment, school, life, and educational experiences (Conger, 2004). This author has adopted servant-leadership as a guiding philosophy. It offers a means to personal growth spiritually, professionally, emotionally, and intellectually. This conscious choice and desire to help others is an intellectual endeavor that was entered into thirty years ago by becoming an educator.I now, through a life-time of experience, feel that I have developed leadership skills through life and work experiences, reading, and education that will help me to make leadership contributions as an educator. Servant leadership provides both the intellectual and the experiential components necessary for becoming an effective leader. Another strength that appeals to this writer is that servant-leadership has the potential for healing one’s self and others. Many people have broken spirits and have suffered from a multiplicity of emotional hurts. Although this is part of being human, servant-leaders acknowledge that they also have an opportunity to help strengthen those with whom they come in contact (Spears, 2004). Conclusion Servant leadership is viewed by some as an extension of transformational leadership. However, Patterson (2003) concludes that servant leadership is a viable theory. A number of noted leadership authors, including (Spears, 2001), have claimed that servant leadership is a concept compatible with and enhancing to other leadership models.The emotional attachment of followers to the leader and motivation of followers to go beyond their self-interests for the good of the group due to the leader’s behavior is consistent with transformational leadership (Laub, 1999). It could be argued that servant leadership, like transformational leadership, transforms followers by modeling effective leadership behavior, by enabling others to move beyond what they thought possible, and by encouraging others to make ama zing contributions to the organization.To be an effective leader, you must be a trusted ethical individual who has worked at developing a reputation for ethical leadership over the long haul (Trevino et el. , 2000). Effective leaders have an attractive, realistic, and believable vision of the future state of their organization (Northhouse, 2007). They also have the communication skills, including social influence principles (persuasion), to relate this vision to their subordinates.These leaders develop creative, critical thinking in their followers, provide opportunities for them to grow professionally and personally, welcome positive and negative feedback, recognize the contributions of others, share information with followers, and have moral standards that give emphasis to collective interests of the group and organization (Howell ; Avolio, 1992). Effective leaders empower and inspire their followers to achieve organizational goals. They use their power in socially constructive ways to benefit the followers and the organization.The highest form of authority that effective leaders have is that which is bestowed upon them by their followers whom they serve. How to cite A Personal Model of Leadership, Papers

Law and Politics in Latin America †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Law and Politics in Latin America. Answer: Introduction: The Falkwands war, which had taken place in 1982, is regarded as an outcome of the Argentina invasion belonging to the British owned Falkland Island. The initial periods of the conflict had its occurrence primarily at sea among the elements of the Royal Navy along with the Argentina Air Force. The war instigated when the troops belonging to Argentina landed in the Falkland Islands (Levy Vakili, 2014). However, the war concluded following to the British liberation association of Port Stanley which is regarded as the islands capital. However, the British declared a formal end to the military action.The military junta of Argentina was hopeful about the restoration of its aid during economic crisis by regaining authority of the islands. The UK, which had its sovereignty over the islands for more than a century chose the path of conflict (Freedman Gamba-Stonehouse, 2014). Following the organization of diplomatic pressure in opposition to Argentina, Margaret Thatcher, the then Prime Mini ster commanded the assemblage of naval task force in order to reacquire the islands. The UK taskforce comprised of almost 30,000 troops along with more than hundred ships. However, it must be noted that its advanced air power was restrictedby the remoteness of the island (Levy Vakili, 2014). The first major casualties took place when the Argentina cruiser sank which included the death of General Belgrano along with the deaths of 400 other crews (Freedman Gamba-Stonehouse, 2014). With the effective implementation of the increased rate of British troops, they successively invaded regions of San Carlos and began their extended march towards Stanley. The troops fought combatted across the peat bogs areas of East Falkland before planning their final attack on the borders of Argentina defence. The Malvinas War had taken place between Argentina and Great Britain in the year 1982 over the governor of the Falkland Islands and connected dependencies. It has been reported that it would have been unable for Margaret Thatcher to conquer the Folklands war without the immense contribution of America in offering crucial missiles in order to bolster the air defences of Britain. The Argentina government had been upset with the United States due to its initial equitable approach to the war which was believed to have offered an extended services once Washington started to lose its endurance with the Argentinians (Beck, 2014). IT must be taken into account, the way America extended its support by sharing satellite as well as signal intelligence along with the air-to-air missiles along with handheld missile services. Higher education system in Latin America has many likenesses in relation to the US. However, there can be seen certain significant dissimilarities related to education between these two nations. Firstly, the method of delivery in Latin America is different whereby, all the universities are considered to be financially aided by public (Carnoy et al., 2013). However, US comprises of educational institutes which are primarily private entities namely Harvard, Stanford. Secondly, the process of fundraiser of the Latin American government is more accessible both in the process of sanctioning of loans as well as scholarships and awards. Whereas, certain regions of the US like Ontario and Quebec are making significant progress in introducing free education for the mass. One of the significant structural aspects that distinguish Latin America from the other developed regions is the excess level of technological research, investigation and innovation, which are exclusively established in public aided universities (Douglass, 2016). However, certain institutes have been witnessed to undergo transformations, which are expected to evolve in order to compete with the other developed nations. The scientific sector is regarded as the sole department to have developed in the educational domain, which corresponds to fundamental investigation. The higher education system of Latin America has experienced a wide range of significant transformations. These changes symbolize the principles of the model which has its emergence from the Cordoba Reform Movement (CRM) occurred in the year 1918 and further carried its impact on higher education across the region for more than six decades (Carnoy et al., 2013). The main aspects of this model incorporated academic autonomy as well as freedom from governmental rule, independent co governance through shared bodies formed by students, alumni as well as administrative workers. Latin American students have been dominant during several ages of the 20th century. The student rebellion that had occurred in the 1918 has been considered as a landmark against certain conventional forms of teaching and traditional power in the old University of Cordoba in Argentina (Douglass, 2016). Students, in various regions of Latin America including regions of Brazil established organizations that challenged the status quo of the academic trend and further acquired increased aid for the assignments related to the University of Reform. A massive section of young graduates and academicians marched for the educational reforms that occurred between the years of 1916 and 1918. The reform that has its incidence at the National Universidad de Crdoba has been referred as one of the more traditionalist universities during that period (Balbachevsky, 2015). The University denied to compromise to the demands raised by the students that they regenerate an accommodation for the medical students residing near to the school premises. However, the students who had their association with the school demanded a response and further created a scenario of negation. The three educational bodies namely, Federaciones of Crdoba, La Plata along with Buenos Aires have instituted a nationalized Federacin Universitaria de Argentina (FUA) in order to coordinate the struggles between the association led by three students on 11th April (Brennan, 2016). The raging condemnation of the students have led the President Yrigoyen to declare a call for a n intervention and further appointed a state general executive in order to work on the structural aspects of the university. The significant success of the students demands in Crdoba rapidly had its repercussions on several other important universities of that region. Student associations have intended to maintain intense alliance with the employees of the organization as well as the labor unions (Bernasconi Celis, 2017). However, these student reformers are establishing associations in scenarios of demonstrations and disputes. Another outcome that has established from the 1918 University reform has been politicizing of the election centers of the academicians within the institute, which were further aided by the national political associations. Canada has been aiding more than $5 billion since 2007 in the process of total global assistance in regions namely Latin America and the Caribbean. Canada has implemented certain strategies in order to strengthen Canadas involvement in the region (Escobar, 2018). Improved Canadian as well as hemispheric economic opportunity Canada witnesses the increased commitment through business and commercial-economic relations as one of the most improved methods to endorse sustainable economic development in US. The process of mutual or bilateral trade has increased more than 30 percent, which has further increased the direct investment of Canadian government. However, by the beginning of 2013 more than 50% of all Canadian mining resources outside Canada were located in the US (Borras Jr et al., 2013). Fostering enduring associations Canada has acknowledged immense value on strengthening mutual and multilateral associations throughout the hemisphere across administration, private organization, civil society as well as other communities (Escobar, 2018). Establishing these relationships across regions reinforces the mutual understanding as well as integration within Latin America and Caribbean. Canada with its effort of capacity-building activity has improved the trends of professionalism as well as liability related to public institutions and further facilitating the public sector to be reactive towards the needs and demands of its citizens. Caracas, which is known as the capital of Venezuela, has been witnessing regular demonstrations, which eventually transformed into a violent scenario. The opposition has condemned the President, Nicolas Maduro for his authoritarianism and further demanded his removal. However, the President highlighted the conspiring and integrated alliance of his rivals with various foreign entities, the United States in particular in order to weaken the nation (Levine, 2015). In the latest development of the crisis, the country has postponed its future presidential election from the original date that has been scheduled on April 22 to May 20 after an agreement between the Venezuela government along with few rival parties. The beginning of 2018 has been marked significant due to the launch of its latest digital currency known as petro (Weyland, 2013). However, as per the government, the newly launched digital currency has been aided by elements such as lubricants, petroleum, gold as well as diamonds , which has intended to overcome the sanctions held by EU and US (Antillano et al., 2016). However, the suspect of many Venezuelans in various parts of the coalition has included personalities who had been proactive in politics for past decades. This integration has been damaged by various internal authoritarian conflicts and discrepancies over principles and policy. Hugo Chavez, an eminent figure of Venezuela has been successful in achieving the six-year term of the countrys presidential is regarded as one of the most prominent vocal as well as controversial leaders in Latin America (Prez, 2013). Being imprisoned for several years, Chavez was pardoned because the Venezuelan administration did not considered him as an obstacle or a threat to the nation. However, his effort for establishing a new constitution in 2000 was marked as a symbol for enduring ambitions. Nicols Maduro, the President of Venezuela has been a target of unvarying antigovernment reformations and condemnations raging from the United States along with the world community for imposing the nation from democracy to the state of dictatorial regulation. The project of Bolivarian has been comprised of certain organized popular areas that has been performing together with the Chavista government corresponding to the mutual support streams. According to Weyland, (2013), with the prominence of Democracy with Referendum in 1988 in an exceptional civic military relation following the self-obliteration of the countrys steady democracy, the President has struggled to make way for Venezuelas Bolivarian Constitution reestablishing the Republic. References Antillano, A., Pojomovsky, I., Zubillaga, V., Seplveda, C., Hanson, R. (2016). The Venezuelan prison: from neoliberalism to the Bolivarian revolution.Crime, Law and Social Change,65(3), 195-211. Balbachevsky, E. (2015). The Latin American University Model and the Challenges Posed by the Reforms: Perspectives from the Academics. InThe Relevance of Academic Work in Comparative Perspective(pp. 239-252). Springer, Cham. Beck, P. J. (2014).The Falkland Islands as an International Problem (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Bernasconi, A., Celis, S. (2017). Higher education reforms: Latin America in comparative perspective.education policy analysis archives,25, 67. Borras Jr, S. M., Franco, J. C., Kay, C., Spoor, M. (2013). Land grabbing in Latin America and the Caribbean.The New Enclosures: Critical Perspectives on Corporate Land Deals. London and New York: Routledge, 227-254. Brennan, J. (2016).Region and Nation: Politics, Economy and Society in Twentieth Century Argentina. Springer. Carnoy, M., Loyalka, P., Dobryakova, M., Dossani, R., Kuhns, K., Wang, R. (2013).University expansion in a changing global economy: Triumph of the BRICs?. Stanford University Press. Douglass, J. A. (Ed.). (2016).The new flagship university: Changing the paradigm from global ranking to national relevancy. Springer. Escobar, A. (2018).The making of social movements in Latin America: Identity, strategy, and democracy. Routledge. Freedman, L., Gamba-Stonehouse, V. (2014).Signals of war: the Falklands conflict of 1982. Princeton University Press. Levine, D. H. (2015).Conflict and political change in Venezuela. Princeton University Press. Levy, J. S., Vakili, L. I. (2014). Diversionary action by authoritarian regimes: Argentina in the Falklands/Malvinas case.The internationalization of communal strife, 118-46. Prez, O. J. (2013). The basis of support for Hugo Chavez: Measuring the determinants of presidential job approval in Venezuela.The Latin Americanist,57(2), 59-84. Weyland, K. (2013). The threat from the populist left.Journal of Democracy,24(3), 18-32.

3 Stories That Prove Nursing is Worth It

3 Stories That Prove Nursing is Worth It Nursing is not a career for the faint of heart. From managing challenging patients to dealing with emergency situations, it’s a field that demands a lot from those who choose it. For many nurses, though, the breakthrough moments that make it all worthwhile show why so many women and men find nursing as their calling. Patients can change your life in unexpected ways.While part of being a healthcare professional is caring for people you may never see again, sometimes the fates align, and you find that there’s a patient to whom you just can’t say goodbye. Nurse Amber Boyd, from New Mexico, found this to be the case when she cared for a newborn baby girl who suffered from severe birth defects. The baby’s parents were out of the picture, and Boyd realized that she could provide the love and care that baby Nicole needed. â€Å"Right around her first birthday, she was making progress, [but] her needs were beyond anything anyone could’ve accommodated at ho me. Her biological parents, their rights were taken away and her twin sister had already gone home with another family. They just weren’t medical professionals and she essentially needed ICU care at home. [The hospital] was looking into medical foster care†¦.I said, ‘Well, that’s something I could do from home†¦But then I said, ‘This is crazy, am I crazy?'†Little things can matter as much as big ones.From NurseTogether.com comes the inspirational story of a nurse whose above-and-beyond took very little time out of the daily routine, but paid many dividends for one patient.â€Å"One of the women living there had night terrors. She was never able to name that which she feared, but woke every few hours screaming in panic. Her confusion and fear touched my heart as I tried to imagine experiencing her quality of life. I immediately discovered that she would calm down and return to sleep if I spent 10-15 minutes talking to her. Soon thereafter, I discovered that if I came to work 20 minutes before my shift started, held her hand, and talked with her she slept peacefully the entire night through. 20 minutes a day, five days a week out of the life of a student nurse was a small price to pay for her peace of mind.†Sometimes nursing life is just plain funny.From NursesAreAngels.com: â€Å"I was performing a complete physical, including the visual acuity test. I placed the patient twenty feet from the chart and began, ‘Cover your right eye with your hand.’ He read the 20/20 line perfectly. ‘Now your left.’ Again, a flawless read. ‘Now both,’ I requested. There was silence He couldn’t even read the large E on the top line. I turned and discovered that he had done exactly what I had asked; he was standing there with both his eyes covered.†If you too have a nursing tale that is funny/inspiring/illuminating/nursetastic, we’d love to hear it!

Platos Allegory of the Cave and You, Screws

Platos Allegory of the Cave and You, Screws The ‘Allegory of the cave’ and ‘You, Screws’ are two metaphors that different authors have used to show some similarity in the way people think and limit themselves to view the world and reality as though they are shattered from the rest of the world or landed in a prison. Plato succeeded to create a wonderful piece of art that denotes how people are ignorant to the extent of not being aware of their own surroundings.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Platos Allegory of the Cave and You, Screws specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It portrays a humanity that has failed to be wise, so nobody can achieve anything, and as a result, people are stuck in the darkness of their ignorance. This is so because they have time, and there are a lot of chances for them to change the things for better, and it is a matter of realizing what is at their disposal to make the best way out of the difficult situation. I rrespective of the status that one may have, Plato brings out a fact that it is possible to succeed and join the elite of the society. The same sentiments are echoed in You, Screws , the author of which understands that everything is exposed, and everyone can get it. The story features a man who has been imprisoned for seven years for charges of terrorism. The thing that two articles have in common is a theme of prison. However, the authors depict different types of prisons. Plato portrays a prison as a mental state, i.e. the inability of human beings to perceive light or rather the real situations with different circumstances that occur in the world and gain some experience to become more wise. In You, Screws, the author talks about a real (physical) prison where some of the prisoners are taught to act as leaders to the rest. These poses a question for a reader whether it is a physical or a mental prison that hinders a person from achieving something in his/her life. As far as Brey ten is concerned, people will always drag you to the pit the moment they realize that you has finally been enlightened. Breyten was a prisoner on his own, and he will never let imprisonment deter him from advancing in knowledge. Thus, he addresses his article to all screws who decide to listen to him as a way of gaining knowledge. He says that he does not regret much of having been shattered from the world but â€Å"I normally resent all attempts at dragging me back particularly when they come from the sentimentally deprived or the vicarious heart-eaters and self shitters who wallow in victimization and heroism by proxy† (Breytenbach 15).Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is what is echoed in Plato’s allegory of the cave. The thing is that ordinary folks that are not enlightened will always misunderstand those who have an intellectual insight. The character in Platos story at last understands his environment and tenaciously overcomes the challenges experienced in the cave, which are his mental incapacitations in his long and tortuous intellectual journey. Plato’s Cave represents human knowledge â€Å"showing the intellectual journey to truth as a gradual and arduous process† (Plato 134). He compares people to prisoners in a cave whose only perception of reality is a play of shadows on a wall that they face them. Everyone has a role to play in bringing change to his/her life. One should do his/her best trying to avoid the thoughts that prevent him/her from perceiving the world from a broad perspective. Only being able to face challenges and difficulties, people can get an understanding of the real world. Plato classifies this process in four stages. The first stage includes forming an attitude that is based on the reality’s outward appearance constituted by sights and sounds of experience though it takes a while be fore the human mind distinguishes reality. Breyten understands that in order for one to stay in darkness having no power over his/her own destiny, he/she needs to continue closing the eyes and avoid noticing some crucial facts. He is aware that purpose is an intention, and everybody has the ability to achieve his/her goal using the circumstances that the life may present to him or her. The prisoner goes through these stages, and that is why it is possible for him/her to address people though an ex-convict. The second stage requires the ability to recognize the difference between a deceptive entity and knowledge and the real ones. In this case, the scary shadows on the walls are the true carvings. The puppeteers and the things inside and outside the cave described by Plato indicate that empirical discoveries never penetrate the ideal realm of truth, thus calling for the need to leave the cave. The third stage starts when people get outside the cave and see the sun that seems to tend to blind them. This sun is the light of truth, thus the reality turns out to be dangerous and as much fearsome for the prisoners as the shadows on the walls. This makes it difficult to understand the nature of entity that happens to be an idea, a concept, and something nonmaterial as Plato later realizes.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Platos Allegory of the Cave and You, Screws specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Accordingly, practice and learning are the key ingredients for realization of the true form of reality. The fourth stage begins when one acknowledges the source of the intellectual light. Plato realizes that the Good elucidates the concepts that help us understand the truth. The prisoner knows that holding his head high and standing on his dignity will signify victory as far as address the masses concerned. Plato maintains this concept by saying that only those who can achieve enlightenment should be leaders of the rest. The released prisoner is a leader because he overcomes his fears and difficulties and gains the necessary knowledge, thus he is able to lead the rest. He does not resist the enlightenment as the others do but rather embraces it with open arms. The prisoner described in You, Screws takes a leadership position in the United States after being released from the ‘dark’ world or rather a prison. This comes in line with Plato’s allegory of the cave since it is only after setting free, the prisoners are able to get a real picture of their world outside the cave. Plato’s belief that only the enlightened grasp the invisible truths lying under the apparent surface is reflected in You, Screws when the prisoner achieves a leadership position in the United States that happens to be a foreign, unknown, outside world for him. He understands that all are equal living in the same place and excluded from the outside world with the same walls. This indicates th at it is upon everybody to act with bravery to achieve whatever a person needs without immersing in apathy considering that one is doomed or cursed. Actually, everything is exposed to everybody to get it. Breyten knows pretty well that there are always warders and prisons to govern and control the society by those who are above the law. In this case, the aspect of not progressing is nullified. This is what Plato calls the escape from the limitation of the cave. He maintains that everyone should be lifted up to look at the Mountain meaning that everybody ought to be enlightened even if it calls for the rest to give hand. Additionally, Breyten is aware that there is no chance to escape the fears of existence, except by maintaining dignity and being responsible for each person’s actions. From Plato’s acknowledgement that the truth is in a way embedded in people’s minds, Breyten calls for the prisoners to become useful to their societies through employment. Thus, ev eryone needs to change their thoughts and attitudes to be able to live a worthy life.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There is nothing for the free or the slaves since all have opportunities even if they are bloated. Mental imprisonment is definitely the worst situation in life as far as enlightenment is concerned, so one should fight to the last breath to set free from that cave. Breytenbach, Breyten. â€Å"You, Screws.† Harper’s Magazine Feb. 2007: 15-20. Print. Plato, Allan. ‘The Allegory of the Cave’, The Republic of Plato. 2nd ed. New York: Basic Books, 1968. Print.

Globalisation Transationals and Economic Policy Essay

Globalisation Transationals and Economic Policy - Essay Example 136-137). Assuming that Boeing has a headstart, the likely outcome is that of Airbus deciding not to produce the aircraft, in favor of 0 loss, rather than to enter the market against Boeing, in which both firms would each incur losses amounting to -5. However, once Europe decides to subsidize Airbus, the outcome of the game shifts in favor of Airbus, and it can decide to go head-on with Boeing in the market, earning profits while Boeing incurs losses. Moreover, should Boeing decide to not produce as it would be incurring 0 loss in this, Airbus by producing the aircraft would allow it to raise its profits from 0 loss in the previous scenario with no subsidy to 110 profits post-subsidy by Europe. Krugman further notes that out of this, 100 represents a gain of national income for Europe, and conversely, a loss of the same amount for America. This shows that under some circumstances, a country can lift its welfare by supporting its own firms against foreign competitors. At the same time , a domestic firm can lower the profits of other firms which wish to enter the domestic market. Another reason for strategic trade policy as the case above is when viewed from the possibility of existence of external economies - one in which it has been observed that innovative firms, with huge investments in R&D fail to "appropriate fully the knowledge they create". This case is not evident in "perfectly competitive models" as when increasing returns is tied with economies of scale in markets with imperfect competition. The argument for strategic trade policy based on externalities however need not affect other countries' welfare negatively - as when governments choose particular industries or firms to support. However, this is not the case when externalities are at the national level, in which clearly free trade is at the mercy of a government's protectionist policies. Pursuing a strategic trade policy is limited by at least three factors that make it a less desirable option. First, external economies are difficult to measure, measurement of which is needed to formulate interventionist policies (i.e. difficult to measure the exact external benefit of say, a $10 investment in R&D). Second, rent-seeking firms could water down the gains from interventionist policies. Third, a country's considerations for its economy overall adds greatly to the empirical difficulty of formulating strategic trade policies (that is, "a country cannot protect everything and subsidize everything"). The above considerations however, according to Krugman do not render the pursuit of strategic trade policy undesirable. In most cases, they point to caution as to the difficulties are due to empirical considerations - and yet, governments are not altogether, lacking in information. In what sense, of any, is it appropriate to consider that international trade in today's world is free International trade in today's world can be considered free to a certain extent by measuring the progress done compared to the past. For example one indicator suggests that the pace of international tra

Prometheus Bound Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Prometheus Bound - Essay Example As a punishment for this rebellion, the powerful Zeus commanded Hephaestus, the blacksmith of the gods, to bind Prometheus deep in a gorge, in a mountain. Accompanying Hephaestus in this god-given mandate were Kratos and Bia, representing Power and force respectively. After Prometheus is chained in the gorge, he laments about the excessive punishment that Zeus has commanded for him. The Oceanids, the daughters of the Oceanus, the sea God, arrives and start consoling Prometheus. Shortly, Oceanus arrives and offers to go to Zeus to plead with him so as to forgive Prometheus for the rebellion. But Prometheus warned Oceanus that such an action would make Zeus wrath to turn to him, Oceanus. Towards the end of the play, Zeus strikes Prometheus with terrible sufferings, organ devouring eagle that perpetually devours his regenerating liver. In this play, Prometheus is the personification of reason and justice/truth; Prometheus defies the unjust mistreatment of human beings and fights for the common good of human beings. In the process he is cruelly punished by the cruel and tyrannical Zeus. In the face of the power of Zeus, Prometheus is utterly powerless. This fact shows that in the face of tyrannical power, reason is helpless. But despite the cruel punishment, Prometheus did not give up, but continued fighting for the good of human beings. In this play, language is used skilfully to develop the theme of the play. To begin with, in asking Hephaestus to execute his god given mandate to bind Prometheus, Kratos describes Prometheus as a malefactor. As a faithful servant of Zeus, Kratos used this strong term to show the seriousness of Prometheus crime; according to Zeus, Prometheus crime was a very serious crime. Kratos also describes Prometheus as a traitor, this also emphasises the seriousness of Prometheus crime according to the god Zeus. In describing his sufferings after he was bound to the gorge,

Information System Analysis On Hdfc Bank

Information System Analysis On Hdfc Bank As part of the RBIs liberalization of the Indian Banking Sector in 1994, The Housing Development Finance Corporation Limited received an in principle approval to set up a bank in the private sector. The bank was registered as HDFC Bank Limited, in August 1994 at Mumbai, India. HDFC Bank commenced its operations as a Scheduled Commercial Bank in January 1995. HDFC is one of the Indias premier housing finance company and it experiences an impeccable track record in Indian market as well as internationally. overview HDFC Bank provides a wide range of financial products, assistance and services to its more than 18 million customers across various hundreds of cities in India using multiple distribution channels including ATMs, phone banking, mobile banking and net banking. HDFC Bank is a dynamic bank, with a young and zealous team determined to achieve the vision of becoming a world-class Indian bank. The business philosophy is primarily based on four core values Customer Centred, Operational Excellence, Product Leadership and People. With the belief that the ultimate identity and success of the bank will reside in the exceptional quality of our people and their extraordinary efforts, the bank is proving to do exceptionally well. As on the year ended March 31, 2010, the Bank had a total income of Rs. 19,980.5 crores and net profit of Rs. 2,948.7 crores as against Rs. 19,622.9 crores and Rs. 2,245.0 crores respectively in the previous year signifies the growth and scope of the bank.The bank has three principal business sectors: 1.retail banking, 2.wholesale banking and 3.treasury operations. vision and mission HDFC Banks mission is to be a World Class Indian Bank, maintaining high standard against international standards, putting forward best practices in terms of product offerings, service levels, technology, audit compliance and risk management. The main objective is to continue building excellent customer franchises all across distinct businesses so as to be the best provider for target retail and wholesale customer segments, which will result in healthy profits, consistent with the Banks risk appetite. HDFC Bank is dedicated to do these while also ensuring the upmost levels of ethical standards, integrity and regulatory compliance. Business strategy: Increase the market share in Indias banking and financial services sector by a disciplined growth strategy aiming at balancing quality and growth in profitability. Enhance its technology and open saleable systems in order to deliver increased number of products to increased number of customers and to hold operating costs; Maintain high standards through credit risk management; Develop more and more innovative products and services that attract its targeted audience and address inefficiencies in the Indian market; Develop products and adapt to services that reduce its cost of funds; Aim at healthy earnings growth in financial segment with low volatility. Infrastructure and Operations Profile HDFC Bank was incorporated in August 1994, and, currently has an nationwide network consisting of 1725 Branches and 4232 ATMs in 779 Indian towns and cities. Refer figure 1. HDFC Bank in India operates on the following basic segments: Personal Banking: Includes all financial deals between a commercial bank and an individual. Wholesale Banking: Includes all sorts of financial dealings within Corporates, medium and small Enterprises, Financial Institutions and Trusts as well as the Government Sector. NRI Banking Includes personal banking relations with the Non Resident Indians. HDFC Bank has been recognized, felicitated and awarded by a number of organisations. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM The Banking sector is pretty much used to the concept and implementation of Management Information System since decades. Earlier during the start of 1980s the term MIS was used for the mainly making reports and to analyze the data.. This was then send to Top management, and decision were taken by them accordingly. Management of Information system is really benefitial during taking decisions and is a collected result of both- Data mining and Data Warehousing. Refer figure 2 for benefits of MIS. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY ARCHITECTURE: Hub And Spoke Architecture The head quarter of HDFC is located in Mumbai. It has a network based IP which is centralized and the branches are spread across the nation and is connected to the main data centre at Chandvilli in Mumbai. Maharashtra. Network: A regional hub is defined such that the branches are categorized under different regions each having its regional hub. At the main region, the different branches coming under a single location are connected to the hub. These are then further connected to the central data centre using pipes having bandwidth of either 2 Mbps or 64 Kbps.There are two hubs instead of one. In a matter of years to come, HDFC Bank has decided to put connections with the feature of built-in redundancy in the network itself. Like, Madras could be connected to Bangalore and Kolkata, with all three of them being connected to Chandivili. Therefore, if the Kolkata-Chandivili link fails, then Kolkata will use the Madras link to connect to the Chandivili data center. VSAT solutions is used for networking. Servers The bank uses SCO Unix and MicroBanker from i-flex solution. With an increase on number of Banks branches, it became necessary to consider Unix/RISC operating systems instead of an Intel Unix platform, and thus the bank selected the Sun platform. Presently the bank is running its application on a Sun platform. As there was a rise in the volume of transactions, the total number of branches as well as the number of users has resulted in up-gradation of the hardware platform also.The database used is DAS and network SAN. Banking applications The software used by the bank for corporate and retail banking are different. The reason for this is that there was no package which could cater to both the domains. For the corporate sector HDFC Bank used MicroBanker after Flexcube. The Flexcube UBS uses a Compaq Alpha box-GS160. It also uses SAN solutions from Hitachi Data Systems. For the retail sector, the bank uses an offering from i-flex solutions : Finware. There were no issues faced by the bank regarding migration as the products they used were easily upgradeable and were usually supplied by the same set of vendors. The vendors also ensured that the programs that they were supplying had the feature that could conveniently help in migration or upgradation. Storage The bank currently using SAN technology, but they may have to consider NAS technology in the future. This calls for huge investment as various areas such as backup, disaster recovery need to be addressed. The bank has to store data according to the RBI guidelines for seven years, and as it is not necessary to store the data on the net-the bank uses tapes for off-line storage of data. The bank anticipates storage costs to decrease, and bulk purchases would be economical. Disaster Recovery setup The approach is that is needed to protect our data first as the basis for a business continuity plan. The disaster recovery site of the bank is located in Chennai. The data which is tored at the main site is also replicated in real-time online at the site in Chennai as well. Servers store the data at the site of DR and constant replenishment takes place. Incase of any disaster , the data is replicated and is available to use. Hence , both the bank and the customer have a feeling of security. BANK : HDFC BANK Vendor NCR: To provide Cheque Clearing solutions to cheque clearing operations department About NCR: (Refer figure 3) NCR is one of the prime leading vendor of payment and image processing solutions. Its core objective is to assist the financial institutes and companies to deliver products incorporating innovation in the constantly changing scenario of payments. The solution enables transaction with references to items to be captured digitally centralized or distributed to ATMs, branches, processed, archived and exchanged. These solutions are built with intensive knowledge and consulting and analysis by experts, integrated with a full range of high quality imaging transports and ATMs, and supported by a wide range of global customer services.. Other solutions included are like the cheque image processing, image storage and the retrieval, cheque and document imaging software etc. CHEQUE CLEARING PROCESS (INDIA): (Refer figure 4 and 5) The advent of the clearing process takes place with the cheque being deposited in the bank/branch from where it is drawn. The delivery of the cheque takes place to the specific branch or bank. Then the cheque is sent for payment if there are funds available and if the banker is convinced that it is genuine. In case if the cheques are left unpaid, they are returned to the present bank through another clearing which is known as Return Clearing. Signature Verification System (SVS): Refer Figure 6 The Signature Verification System further strengthens the entire process of verification by complete electrification of the whole process. By taking the image of the signature cards, the operators now can have direct access to the stored image of the cheque as well as signature card ,during the time of verifying cheques. The end result is that the entire process of cheque signature verification is carried out at a faster rate, also being more accurate as well as cost-effective compared to that of any other manual process. CONCLUSION: A management information system is a process which necessitates the manager with the information required to manage an organization efficiently and effectively. MIS is considered an essential component of effective and reasonable business decisions. The report concludes that Management Information System is par beneficial to the Banks for its transaction. We have seen the cheque Clearing Process and the involvement of IT for the same.IT contribution to banking Sector has really facilitated fast communication and real time networking. The Signature Verification System ensure the security and thus maintains the faith of the customer. Thus, the degree of customer satisfaction is enhanced. Comment on the HDFC Bank HDFC Bank has done exceptionally well considering its enthusiasm in MIS. Along with NCR it has received many award for preforming excellent. IT has been falicitated with the Multi-Channel Capability award for using the NCR APTRA eMarketing solution by NCR. IT facilitated the customers; communication via email,mobile services etc. It has also received the best ATM Installation and Management Solution award for HDFC Bank adapting to the NCR APTRA eMarketing solution to enhance customer service, reduce ATM transaction times and operating costs, and increase new revenue channels through its ATM network. Thus, establishing such IT infrastructure has reduced cost of paper for letters and faster access to the services available. It has also enhanced the customer experience. But, a lot more can be done on security which can again expand the applications for the customers and will built a sense of trust for the same. REFERENCES 1. www.hdfcbank.com 2. www.scribd.com 3. www.ncr.com 4. www.banktech.com 5. www.rbi.org.in 6. wiki.answer.com

Kingdoms of medieval civilization

The fall of Rome and the rise of Germanic kingdoms marked the end of ancient times and the beginning of the Middle Ages. During the Middle Ages, the center of European culture shifted from the lands around the Mediterranean Sea to regions that had barely been touched by Greco-Roman civilization. A new civilization, medieval civilization, took shape during the early Middle ages (A.D. 500-1050). There were few strong rulers or governments in this period, and a political system grew up in which power was divided among many local lords (Perry, 1988,). By the fifth century, Germanic peoples had established kingdoms in Italy, Spain, Gaul, and England. These lands formerly belong to Rome (Crofton, 1994, 254).   At its height, the Roman Empire had been a world of cities with a rich culture. By the end of the Empire, many towns were abandoned as people fled to country estates. The center of political, social, and economic life shifted from city to countryside. Since the Germanic invaders were rural people, they did not try to revive the old cultural centers or build new ones of their own.   The decline of Roman rule left the western and central Europe disorganized. A new medieval style of government appeared in the kingdom of the Franks. A Germanic people, the Franks had migrated westward from their homeland in the valley of the Rhine River. As Rome’s border defenses weakened in the fourth and fifth centuries, Frankish tribes settled in Roman territory. About 481 a Frankish ruler named Clovis united the various Frankish tribes and conquered the Romans and other Germans in northern Gaul. In 768, Charlemagne became king of the Franks. Charlemagne was an extraordinary figure in medieval history. Charlemagne expanded his kingdom by conquering the Lombard kingdom in Italy and taking part of northern Spain from the Muslims. He added Bavaria (in what is now Germany) to his kingdom and after terrible wars forced the Germanic Saxons to submit to his rule and convert to Christianity. Charlemagne was crowned Emperor of Rome in 800 which indicated that the Roman idea of strong centralized government had not died. Charlemagne’s empire did not, however, have Roman law or political organization. Moreover, it had no great cities that could serve as centers of trade and learning. What Charlemagne did however, was to blend Germanic, Christian and Roman elements that came to characterize the civilization of the Middle Ages (Perry, 1988, 141-143). The kingdom of Charlemagne break apart after his death and divided Europe which was then   threatened with invasions from the Viking raiders ( Vikings are the ancestors of the Swedes, Norwegians and Danes of today) from the north ,   the Magyars from Central Asia , and the Muslims. The terrible invasions went on until early in the tenth century and had terrible consequences for Western Europe. Like the earlier Germanic invasions, they weakened central authority, disrupted trade, hurt agriculture, and left settlements and monasteries in ruins. Few kingdoms had the capacity to protect its own people so that people no longer look to a central ruler for security. They turned instead to local lords who had their own armies. As a result, western Europe had entered an age in which lords, not kings, held political power. In fact, kings at that that time were regarded only as chief feudal lord. Living in age of warfare and disorder, lords sought allies among their fellow nobles. The basis for these alliances was the lords’ land. In exchange for military assistance and other services, one lord granted land called a fief to another noble. The system of relationships that grew out of this granting of fiefs was called feudalism. It became the main political arrangement in Europe after the breakup of Charlemagne’s empire in the ninth century. In some ways, feudalism grew out of the traditions of the Germanic tribes. Feudal law included many elements of Germanic law and feudal attitudes reflected Germanic respect for the warrior (Perry, 1988,144-145 ). Because they lived in violent times feudal lords built homes designed to serve as fortresses .The first castle was built in the ninth century at the time of the Viking raids.   These castles were encircled by massive walls and strong guard towers.   Sometimes, feudal lords would fight against each other for supremacy (Crofton, 1994, 265). It is obvious therefore, that because of the disorder of territories brought about by the fall of Roman Empire, the Germanic kingdoms flourished,   which combined the Germanic, Roman and Christian elements that characterized the western kingdoms of the medieval civilization. And as invasions plaqued the west from all quarters, small self-protecting feudal kingdoms governed by nobles or lords was established. References Crofton, Ian (e d). (1994). The Guinness Compact Encyclopedia. London: Guinness Publishing Limited Perry, Marvin. (1988). A World in History. New York: Houghton-Mifflin, Inc.         

A Journey from HRM to SHRM Essay

The radical change taking place in the workplace and the work force has led to the dramatic evolution of traditional human resource management to strategic human resource management. The days of the strictly administrative human resource function are over. HR management must now be considered a critical strategic partner and must contribute to the overall objectives of the company. Strategic HR management is characterized by focusing more on strategic rather than operational issues. However, the administrative work must still be done efficiently. Strategic HR management involves making the function of managing people the most important priority in the organization, and integrating all human resource programs and policies within the framework of a company’s strategy. Strategic HR management recognizes that all decisions on finance, marketing, operations or technology are made by an organization’s people. Strategic HR management involves the development of a consistent, aligned collection of practices, programs, and policies to facilitate the achievement of the organization’s objectives. It considers the implications of corporate strategy for all HR systems within an organization by translating company objectives into specific people management systems. The most important consideration of strategic HR management is that there is no one best way to manage people. Therefore, the specific approach and processes will vary from organization to organization. It may even vary in an organization with clearly defined business units or functional areas. However, all HR programs and policies must be consistent and must therefore be integrated within a larger framework, leading to the facilitation of the organization’s vision and its objectives. Human resource management has been traditionally defined as the set of philosophies, processes and procedures a firm uses for the following four basic tasks: †¢ Managing the entry and exit process. The HR function has normally been responsible for recruiting people the organization would need in the future. Therefore, manpower forecasts are made and a corresponding plan is made. HR managers have also been involved in the exit or separation process. This is normally done by retirement or by having the employee fired. †¢ Managing the growth and development process. There are traditional HR tasks such as orientation or socialization, training and development, and performance appraisal. Processes are also designed so that employees understand the overall scope and direction of the organization. †¢ Managing the reward and recognition process. Rewards come through the administration of compensation and benefits, and recognition comes in the form of promotion, job assignments and rotation. However, the process of rewards and recognition includes the countermeasures of demotions and disciplinary action. Performance appraisal is also a critical input into the reward and recognition system. †¢ Managing the overall organization climate. In the highly competitive and rapidly changing business environment of today, it is necessary to foster a climate that challenges employees to better levels of performance. Of course, the organizational climate is not a variable to be managed or designed. However, it is necessary for all the organization’s processes and procedures, from its compliance with the law to its new strategic initiatives, to be aligned. In the shift from traditional HR to strategic HR, there are a number of issues which HR practitioners must contend with. The first is whether the main responsibility for people management programs should rest with staff specialists in the corporate HR department or with the line managers who are the ones most in contact with the workers. Traditional HR assumes the role of handling transactions as they arise. These may involve compliance with changing laws, rectifying problems between supervisors and subordinates, recruiting and screening applicants for current needs and basically responding to events after these happen. Strategic HR is much more transformational and realizes that the success for any initiative form growth, adaptation, or change within the organization are dependent upon the employees who utilize any change in technology or produce any changes in the organization’s product or service. HR, therefore, plays a transformational role by assisting the organization in identifying and meeting the larger challenges it faces in its external environment by ensuring that the internal mechanisms that facilitate change are in place. Traditional HR departments must, therefore, rethink, redefine and re-evaluate their roles. HR managers must learn to operate their departments more like a business. Businesses must have clear strategies, outcomes, products, services and structures to attain specific objectives which are aligned to the corporate objectives. HR practitioners must answer the following questions: †¢What is the HR strategy? Strategy defines how a business positions itself and allocates resources to products to deliver value to customers. An HR strategy articulates the purposes of HR within the firm, the deliverables or outcomes from HR work, and the services delivered by the HR department. †¢What are the products or services of HR? Many typologies of HR work exist to describe types of HR processes. The new HR typologies will identify new HR products or services required to meet changing business needs. Many of these new products will ensure the flow of intellectual capital and knowledge within a firm, while others will ensure the development of a new generation of leaders within a firm. †¢How should HR be organized to ensure that the strategy is executed? Increasingly, organizations are being defined less by structure and more by how capabilities are acquired and developed. The tremendous growth of outsourcing is clear evidence of this development. As HR functions articulate clear strategies, products or services, they identify the organizational choices that ensure that capabilities, even across organizational boundaries, meet strategic goals. It is clear that human resource management must operate strategically. The central idea behind strategic HR management is that all initiatives involving how people are managed need to be aligned with and in support of the organization’s overall strategy. No organization can expect to be successful if it has people management systems that are at odds with its vision. As a prerequisite for understanding how to strategically manage human resources, it is necessary to understand the process of strategic management.

The For The Future Liabilities - 985 Words

In general insurance, Insurers make use of data gathered previously out of experience in order to predict the future liabilities. Such an estimate is made through the help of a â€Å"loss function† in decision making, as well as mathematical optimization. It is a common tendency to minimize the loss of the risk models and hence to do so are different methods applicable in today’s statistics. Frequentist expected loss, Bayesian expected loss are mostly used; with Bayesian statistics being the increasingly common methodology in actuarial science. Insurers also make an estimate of the expected claims that arise in the future years, and so they need to hold reserves based on the aggregate claim amount they could face in the near future. Hence one way of doing this is by using the aggregate claim model. Therefore, examining and comparing the different forms of loss distribution that could be used in the aggregate risk model analysis, besides investigating about issues surrou nding the application of Bayesian statistics in such a context. Acknowledgement: I would like to acknowledge my mentor Ms. Preeti Sahay, to have stood as a support for me throughout the project and in providing sufficient information for the project. Introduction: Insurance by nature is an uncertain subject. The Insured events occur at random times, particularly in a general insurance field, thereby the amount of claims are also random. 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